标准2025北欧船舶采用天然液化气（LNG）作为燃料已达十年，并且拥有良好的安全航行记录。随着LNG燃料动力船舶遍布世界各地，越来越多的机构涉及其中，业内急需出台国际标准来规范船舶LNG加注操作。最新出台的ISO标准将确保船舶LNG加注操作安全可行。
船舶的液化天然气（LNG）加注操作比较特殊，涉及多个利益方，包括船舶方、LNG供应商、港口、安全人员和管理部门。
随着LNG燃料动力船舶的需求增加，可行高效且价格低廉的LNG加注操作需求也日益增大，急需一项国际标准来保证LNG加注的安全可行。新出台的ISO 20519 船舶与海洋技术——液化天然气燃料动力船舶加注规范，有助于运营商选出符合标准的高质量船舶燃料供应商。
近年来，使用LNG燃料的船舶趋于大型化，航程扩大，许多国家港口都会设立LNG加注站。因此，与LNG加注操作相关的利益方大大增加，急需制定标准化安全操作，无论在何地加注LNG，都需要一套通用要求让LNG供应方和船舶人员清楚了解操作。
ISO20519包含的要求并未列在IGC Code的国际海上运输散装液化气安全规则中。其中包括以下条款：
. 硬件：液体和蒸汽传输系统
. 操作流程
. LNG供应商的LNG燃料交货单要求
. 涉及人员的培训与资质
. LNG装置需符合ISO标准和当地法规
Steve O’Malley担任ISO船舶与海洋技术委员会联运和近海航运分技术委员会主席（ISO/TC8/SC11），以及ISO船舶与海运技术委员液体和气体燃料船舶工作组的召集人（ISO/TC8/WG8），并且参与了此项标准的制定工作。他表示：“ ISO20519中的要求能够作为管理目标应用于现存的管理方案，提供可靠的规定。符合ISO标准的要求往往会被纳入商业合同，同时被当地法规引用。”Steve还对ISO石油、石化和天然气工业的原料、设备和离岸结构技术委员会（ISO/TC 67）表示感谢，该技术委员会对ISO20519标准的制定做了很多贡献，许多专家参加了ISO/TC8工作组。
ISO20519工作组成员包括各行各业的专家，包括海运业、设备制造商、海运气体燃料协会（SGMF）、贸易公司、优秀团体、国际登记处和美国海岸警卫队。如此丰富的团队构成对制定安全可行的LNG加注操作标准至关重要。
将LNG作为船舶燃料相对较新，因此所制定的标准将会根据经验和技术变化，定期更新。为此，已经成立追踪LNG加注意外的工作小组，帮助确定更新时间。
ISO20519:2017是应国际海事组织（IMO）、欧盟委员会，以及国际最大的海运组织——波罗的海国际海事公会（BIMCO）的要求制定的。
ISO20519:2017是由ISO/TC 8组织制定，ISO/TC 8的秘书处是由ISO的中国成员——中国国家标准化管理委员会（SAC）和德国标准化协会（DIN）联合承担。
New ISO standard for the safe bunkering of LNG-fuelled ships
Some ships in northern Europe have been using liquefied natural gas (LNG) as their fuel source for over a decade, with an extremely good safety record. But as the use of LNG-fuelled vessels spreads to other parts of the world and many more parties become involved, there is a clear need to standardize LNG bunkering operations at the international level. A new ISO standard will ensure LNG-fuelled vessels can bunker in a safe and sustainable way.
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) bunkering is a particular type of operation where LNG fuel is transferred from a given distribution source to an LNG-fuelled ship. It involves the participation of different stakeholders, from the ship-side, LNG supplier, ports, safety personnel and administrations.
As demand for LNG-fuelled vessels has increased, so has the demand for practical, cost-effective and efficient LNG bunkering, so there was an urgent need for an International Standard to ensure LNG bunkering operations could be conducted safely. The new ISO 20519, Ships and marine technology – Specification for bunkering of liquefied natural gas fuelled vessels, will help operators select vessel fuel providers that meet defined safety and fuel quality standards.
In recent years, the ships and vessels fuelled with LNG have become larger, transit greater distances and may bunker in a greater number of ports in different countries. As a result, the number of parties involved in LNG bunkering is growing rapidly. Standardizing safety practices had become necessary to ensure that, no matter where the bunkering took place, there would be a common set of requirements that were understood across the board – from LNG provider to ship personnel.
ISO 20519 contains requirements that are not covered by the IGC Code, the prevailing international code for the safe carriage by sea of liquefied gases in bulk. It includes the following items:
. Hardware: liquid and vapour transfer systems
. Operational procedures
. Requirement for the LNG provider to provide an LNG bunker delivery note
. Training and qualifications of personnel involved
. Requirements for LNG facilities to meet applicable ISO standards and local codes
“The requirements of ISO 20519 can be incorporated as a management objective into existing management programmes and provide verifiable compliance,” explains Steve O’Malley, Chair of technical committee ISO/TC 8, Ships and marine technology, subcommittee SC 11, Intermodal and short sea shipping, and Convener of TC 8 working group WG 8 that developed the standard. This is important, he says, because “the requirement to comply with ISO standards is often incorporated into business contracts and may also be referenced by local regulations”. Steve also extended his appreciation to ISO technical committee ISO/TC 67 on materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, which began the work on this subject and provided many of the experts for the TC 8 working group.
The working group that developed ISO 20519 included specialists from the maritime industry, equipment manufacturers, the Society for Gas as a Marine Fuel (SGMF), trading companies, class societies, international registries and the US Coast Guard. This sharing of knowledge was important to produce a standard that was both practical and would promote safety during LNG bunkering operations.
The use of LNG as a vessel fuel is relatively new, so the standard will need to be brought up to date periodically to incorporate lessons learned over time and technological changes. To facilitate this, a group has been created to track LNG bunkering incidents and help identify when the standard should be updated.