为了传达标准在日常生活中至关重要的作用,美国国家标准协会(ANSI)发布了在全球和国家标准领域实施的各种标准动议快讯,其中许多标准是由ANSI成员和ANSI认可的标准制定组织制定的。以下是两项最新标准:
1、停车场照明
有照明设施的停车位有助于行人和司机。照明可以提高可视性,从大学校园到购物中心,照明可以提高各类停车设施的安全意识。
由北美照明工程协会(IESNA)发布的修订标准IES RP-20-14,“停车设施照明(修订版)”,包括内部和外部照明规范建议,以便车辆和行人在停车设施中合理安全行驶,提高人身安全,防止破坏和盗窃行为,同时优化能源使用,尽量减少维护损耗。
该标准专门为照明制定,不提供施工建议。它为设计新的停车设施照明系统提供了建议做法,这些建议不适用于现有的照明系统,只适用于重新设计后的照明系统。
作为ANSI成员和标准开发机构,北美照明工程协会(IESNA)负责制定和发布北美各地的照明标准。在国际上,IESNA与国际照明委员会合作,统一世界其他地区的照明标准。
2、塑料机械——注塑机的安全要求
塑料工业依靠注塑机(IMM)提高生产效率、可靠性和产品质量。注塑机又名注塑成型压机,用于制造产品,其品种多样,分为液压、电动和各种混合动力版本。
美国国家标准(ANS)ANSI / PLASTICS B151.1-2017——注塑机安全要求,用于明确和解决注塑机工作人员和附近员工的已知危害。该标准的要求适用于卧式和立式注塑机机械手(HCIMMs和VCIMMs),它们处理塑料材料并将材料注入由机械手夹紧的模具中。该标准不包含使用辅助设备或注塑机模具的安全要求。
该标准由美国塑料工业协会(PLASTICS)发布,整合了ANSI / SPI B151.1-2007——卧式注塑机制造、维护和使用的安全要求,以及ANSI / SPI B151.29-2014——立式注塑机安全要求两个文件。
根据PLASTICS介绍,此标准中最重要的两个变化都与机械安全装置(又称安全杆)有关,2017年的标准规定卧式注塑机可以选择是否安装安全杆,此标准还将原先两个独立的标准合二为一,同时适用于两种注塑机。此外,正如美国塑料工业协会所指出的那样,用一个标准取代两个独立标准将最终有助于简化美国注塑机的制造过程。
PLASTICS的前身为美国塑料行业协会(SPI),是美国国家标准协会(ANSI)认可的标准制定机构和成员。该协会在支持整个塑料供应链的同时,还为成员提供市场研究、立法宣传和其他重要服务。
Voluntary Standards Cover the Spectrum: from Parking Facility Lighting to Plastics Machinery
In an effort to communicate the vital role that standards play in daily life, the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) publishes snapshots of the diverse standards initiatives undertaken in the global and national standards arena, many of which are performed by ANSI members and ANSI-accredited standards developers. Two of the latest selections follow:
Lighting for Parking Facilities
An illuminated parking space is helpful to pedestrians and drivers alike—lighting improves visibility and provides a higher sense of security in all types of parking settings, from college campuses to shopping centers.
A revised standard published by the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IESNA),IES RP-20-14, Lighting for Parking Facilities (Revised edition), includes recommendations for interior and exterior lighting practices for reasonably safe movement of vehicular and pedestrian traffic in parking facilities, enhancement of personal safety, and deterrence of vandalism and theft, while optimizing energy use and minimizing maintenance.
The document deals entirely with lighting and does not give advice on construction. It provides recommended practices for designing new lighting systems for parking facilities, and it is not intended to be applied to existing lighting systems until such systems are redesigned.
An ANSI member and standards developer, IESNA is a nonprofit organization that develops and publishes standards for lighting used throughout North America. Internationally, IESNA collaborates with the International Commission on Illumination to promote uniformity with the rest of the world.
Plastics Machinery-Safety Requirements for Injection Molding Machines
The plastics industry relies on injection molding machines (IMMs) to provide production efficiency, reliability, and quality products. These machines, also known as injection presses, are used to manufacture products and range from hydraulic, electric, and various hybrid performance versions.
The American National Standard (ANS) ANSI/PLASTICS B151.1-2017, Plastics Machinery – Safety Requirements for Injection Molding Machines, functions to identify and address known hazards to personnel working on or adjacent to IMMs. The requirements of this standard apply to horizontal and vertical clamp injection molding machines (HCIMMs and VCIMMs) that process plastic materials and inject material into a mold(s) held closed by the acting clamp. Safety requirements for the use of ancillary equipment or molds for IMMs are not covered by this standard.
The standard, published by the Plastics Industry Association (PLASTICS), is a revision of ANSI/SPI B151.1-2007, Safety Requirements for the Manufacture, Care, and Use of Horizontal Clamp Injection Molding Machines, and was combined with ANSI/SPI B151.29-2014, Safety Requirements for Vertical Clamp Injection Molding Machines, to replace both documents.
According to PLASTICS, two of the most significant changes in this standard “relate to the mechanical safety device (aka “jam bar” or “drop bar”) becoming optional for horizontal machines if built to the 2017 standard and the combination of two previously separate standards into a single, easier-to-use standard for both types of machines.” Furthermore, as PLASTICS notes, having one standard instead of two will ultimately serve to simplify the manufacturing of injection molding machines in the United States.
The Plastics Industry Association (PLASTICS), formerly SPI, is an ANSI-accredited standards developer and member. The association provides market research, legislative outreach, and other essential services to its members, while supporting the entire plastics supply chain.